ABSTRACT
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties and antifungal activity of jarilla (Barkleyanthus salicifolius, [Kunth] H. Rob & Brettell)

Ahuitzolt de Jesús Joaquín-Ramos1, César Uriel López-Palestina2, José Manuel Pinedo-Espinoza3, Susana Elizabeth Altamirano-Romo1, Yair Olovaldo Santiago-Saenz2, César Leobardo Aguirre-Mancilla1, and Jorge Gutiérrez-Tlahque4*
 
Plant biodiversity provides a natural source of several compounds with biological activity, such as antioxidant and antifungal properties; such effects are related with the concentrations of phenols and flavonoids and different organs of the plants. In this research, aqueous (W) and 70% ethanol (Et70) extracts from flowers (F), leaves (L), stems (S) and roots (R) of Barkleyanthus salicifolius (Kunth) H. Rob. & Brettell were used to test antioxidant and antifungal activities and also the total concentration of phenols and flavonoids were analyzed; and types of phenolic acids and flavonoids were determined for each plant organ extract by HPLC. The Et70 enhance the extraction process of phenols and flavonoids, also showed higher antifungal and antioxidant activities. The obtained extract of the Et70 × F interaction showed the higher concentration of total phenols (57.90 mg GAE), flavonoids (91.03 mg QE) and antioxidant activity (285.07 m Trolox) per gram of dry extract. In addition, this extract shows an antifungal inhibition interval of 66.17% (Fusarium oxysporum) to 92.89% (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). The phenol ferulic acid (35.57 mg g-1) and the flavonoid naringenina (206.60 mg g-1) were the compounds with the highest values founded in Et70-R, both of them compounds had been tested against fungal pathogens. Data indicate that antifungal and antioxidant activities are in function of phenolic acids and flavonoids concentration, as well as solvent used to extraction. Therefore, B. salicifolius species growing on wild form have the ability of accumulate several compounds with biological activity.
Keywords: Barkleyanthus salicifolius, flavonoids, HPLC, phenolic acids, phytopathogens, willow ragwort.
1Instituto Tecnológico de Roque, Departamento de Ingenierías, Carretera Celaya-Juventino Rosas km 8, Celaya Guanajuato C.P. 38110, México.
2Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Av. Universidad Rancho Universitario km 1, Tulancingo Hidalgo C.P. 43600, México.
3Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara km 15.5, Cieneguillas, C.P. 98000, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.
4Instituto Tecnológico de Zitácuaro, Av. Tecnológico Manzanillos No. 186, Zitácuaro Michoacán C.P. 61534 México.
*Corresponding author (jorge.gt@zitacuaro.tecnm.mx).