ABSTRACT
Genetic improvement of bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) in the south central zone of Chile. IV. Characterization of varieties based on electrophoretic profiles of glutenins and gliadins.

Patricio Hinrichsen R.1, M. Herminia Castro P.1 y Mario Mellado Z.2
 

Twenty-two wheat cultivars released between 1968 and 1996 by the Quilamapu Research Center of the Chilean Agriculture Research Institute, were analyzed for their seed storage protein profiles, including the high molecular weight glutenins (HMWG) and the acidic gliadins. HMWG showed a good reproducibility compared to previous determinations, and a high diversity, with 14 different protein bands in 12 different allelic combinations, corresponding to the loci GluA1, GluB1 and GluD1. A correlation between HMWG alleles related to quality and sedimentation values was observed, with the exception of some cultivars. The electrophoretic screening of the 22 cultivars identified the a , b , d and w gliadin types. The similarity among some cultivars, in terms of sharing HMWG or gliadin profiles, did not have any correlation with their having the same progenitors or similar pedigrees. The combination of HMWG and gliadin banding patterns represents a plausible method to differentiate the majority of the cultivars included in this study.

Keywords: wheat, seed storage proteins, genetic identification.
1 Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional La Platina, Casilla 439, Correo 3, Santiago. E-mail: phinrich@inia.cl
2 Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional Quilamapu, Casilla 426, Chillán, Chile. E-mail: mmellado@inia.cl